课堂是学生在学校完成学习任务的最主要时空,既具有流动性(来自于时间的一维性),又具有发展性(来自于空间的多维性)。这也就决定了构成课堂主干的教学过程的有序性和可变性特点,从教学过程的本质上看,教与学是共栖共生的。因此,教与学两种行为必须同时研究,不可偏废。当今教育 Classroom is the most important time and space for students to complete their learning tasks in school. They are both fluid (from one-dimensional time) and developmental (from multi-dimensional space). This also determines the orderliness and variability of the teaching process that constitute the backbone of the classroom. According to the essence of the teaching process, teaching and learning are cohabitation. Therefore, both teaching and learning behavior must be studied at the same time and must not be neglected. Today’s education