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地震波的数字宽频带观测日益普遍,它们正在取代传统的观测,因为后者仅仅给出了地震震源产生的地震波场的部分图像。新的观测提供了远场地震波场的丰富信息,有的似乎是全部信息。然而宽带记录看上去很复杂,如果需要提取更详细的震源过程的信息和相关介质的结构的信息,就需要新的分析方法。为了识别到达观测点的地震信号的形态,我们引入谱地震图的方法。据此,传统的地震波场的显示方法不能呈现的信息细节可以被呈现出来。
Digital broadband observations of seismic waves are increasingly common and they are replacing traditional observations as the latter gives only partial images of the seismic wave field produced by the seismic source. The new observations provide a wealth of information about the far-field seismic wavefields, and some seem to be full of information. However, broadband recording may seem complicated, requiring new analytical methods if more detailed information on the source process and the structure of the relevant media are to be extracted. In order to identify the shape of the seismic signal arriving at the observation point, we introduce a method of spectral seismograms. Accordingly, details of the information that can not be presented by the conventional method of displaying the seismic wave field can be presented.