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［目的］ 探讨丙烯腈对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ的损伤作用。［方法］ 在急性和亚急性经口染毒试验中，采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测不同染毒剂量（１０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ、３０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ 和５０ｍ ｇ／ｋｇ）丙烯腈（ＡＣＮ）及不同染毒时段（２ｈ、１４ｄ、２８ｄ、和４２ｄ）对大鼠淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤情况。［结果］ 在急性和亚急性染毒试验中，大鼠淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ损伤程度均随ＡＣＮ 染毒剂量增大或染毒时间延长而逐渐加重，并显著高于对照组或染毒１４ｄ 组（Ｐ＜０．０１），且存在较好的剂量－反应和时间－反应关系（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。亚急性染毒试验中，随着染毒剂量的升高和染毒时间的延长，淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤程度可达到饱和。染毒组细胞ＤＮＡ 损伤反应模式明显不同于对照组，单个细胞间的差异较大，且这种差异随染毒剂量增大和染毒时间延长也逐渐增大。［结论］ ＡＣＮ对大鼠外周血淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ具有明显的损伤作用，且损伤程度和模式受ＡＣＮ 染毒剂量和染毒时间的共同影响。
[Objective] To investigate the effect of acrylonitrile on the DNA damage of peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats. [Method] In the acute and subacute oral exposure experiments, single cell gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to detect acrylonitrile (ACN) at different doses (10m g / kg, 30m g / kg and 50m g / kg) The DNA damage of rat’s lymphocytes was observed during the exposure time (2h, 14d, 28d, 42d). [Results] In both acute and subacute exposure experiments, the degree of DNA damage in rat lymphocytes increased gradually with the increase of dose of ACN or the prolongation of exposure time, and was significantly higher than that of the control group or the 14d group (P <0.01), and there is a better dose-response and time-response relationship (P <0.01). Subacute exposure test, with the increase in exposure dose and exposure time, lymphocyte DNA damage can reach saturation. The pattern of DNA damage response in the exposed group was significantly different from that in the control group, and the difference among single cells was larger. And this difference increased with the increase of the dose and prolongation of exposure time. [Conclusion] ACN can obviously damage the DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes in rats, and the degree and mode of injury are affected by the dose of ACN and the exposure time.