珠江流域三大水系之一的北江 ,自 80年代以来 ,遭受了两场 5 0年一遇的洪水及 1场 2 0年一遇的洪水 ,这3场洪水分别出现在 1982年 5月、1994年 6月和 1997年 7月 ,其干流控制站横石站的洪峰流量分别为180 0 0m3/s、175 0 0m3/s和 15 90 0m3/s ,是北江历史实测 3场大洪水 ( 1915年洪水为查测特大洪水 )。以实测资料为依据 ( 1997年资料未经整编 ) ,从暴雨成因、暴雨分析、暴雨特点、洪水组成、洪水特点和决堤情况等方面 ,对这 3场洪水作了详细的分析比较 ,并以这 3场洪水为例 ,说明西江洪水对北江洪水的顶托影响和水文情报预报的作用。 The Beijiang River, one of the three major river systems in the Pearl River Basin, has suffered two floods of 50 and one flood in 2010 since the 1980s. These three floods occurred in May 1982 and 1994 respectively In June and July 1997, the peak flow rates at its main station Yokogawa were 180 0 0 m3 / s, 175 0 0 m3 / s and 15 90 0 m3 / s, respectively, which were the three major floods observed in the history of the Beijiang River (1915 Floods to detect extra-large floods). Based on the measured data (the data were not compiled in 1997), the author made a detailed analysis and comparison of the three floods in terms of the causes of heavy rain, the analysis of heavy rain, the characteristics of heavy rain, the composition of floods, the characteristics of floods and the breakwater. The three floods, for example, illustrate the impact of the Xijiang flood on the Beijiang River flood and the hydrological intelligence forecast.