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目的；比较癌胚抗原（CEA）、细胞核仁组成区嗜银蛋白（AgNOR）检测在良、恶性胸腔积液鉴别诊断中的作用。方法：检测30例良性胸腔积液和50例恶性胸腔积液患者胸腔积液CEA水平，并同时作胸腔积液沉渣细胞涂片行AgNOR染色，观察良性胸腔积液间皮细胞和恶性胸腔积液癌细胞核内的AgNOR数目和形态。结果：恶性胸腔积液平均CEA水平显著高于良性胸腔积液，恶性胸腔积液癌细胞AgNOR形态以弥散型为主，且其平均每核AgNOR数目显著高于良性胸腔积液间皮细胞；用AgNOR指标诊断恶性胸腔积液的敏感性和准确性均显著高于CEA，特异性与CEA相近。结论：AgNOR较CEA更有助于良、恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断。
Objective To compare the role of CEA and AgNOR in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusions. Methods: CEA levels in 30 patients with benign pleural effusions and 50 patients with malignant pleural effusions were measured. AgNOR staining was also performed on pleural effusion sediment smears to observe benign pleural effusion mesothelial cells and malignant pleural effusions. The number and morphology of AgNORs in cancer cell nuclei. Results: The average CEA level of malignant pleural effusion was significantly higher than that of benign pleural effusion. AgNOR morphology of malignant pleural effusion cancer cells was mainly diffuse, and the average number of AgNOR in each nucleus was significantly higher than that of benign pleural effusion mesothelial cells. The sensitivity and accuracy of AgNOR markers in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions were significantly higher than that of CEA, and the specificity was similar to that of CEA. Conclusion: AgNOR is more helpful than CEA in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pleural effusions.