在伊拉克中部和南部地区,由于气候干旱,约有70%的土地处于盐渍化过程中。盐渍土改良只有采取有效的排水系统,从土壤剖面中排除多余的盐分才能实现。因此,了解盐分在土壤盐化和脱盐化过程中运动的性质和机制,是十分重要的。有许多因素影响土壤中盐分的运动,例如质体流动、毛管上升、扩散作用、水力的分散和回流等等。关于这些因素对盐溶液在各种土壤和多孔介质中运动的影响,已有人进行了研 In the central and southern parts of Iraq, about 70% of the land is salinized due to the arid climate. Saline Soil Improvement Effective drainage systems can only be used to remove excess salt from soil profiles. Therefore, it is important to understand the nature and mechanism of salt movement during soil salinization and desalination. There are many factors that affect salt movement in the soil, such as plastid flow, capillary rise, diffusion, hydraulic dispersion and backwash and more. The impact of these factors on the movement of salt solutions in various soils and porous media has been studied