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目的：探讨老年人颈围水平与血脂的相关关系以及对血脂异常的预测作用。方法随机整群抽样法选取河北省任丘市4412例年龄60～70岁的常住居民为调查者，进行面对面健康问卷调查、体格检查、实验室检测。根据性别分组，采用受试者工作特征曲线（ROC）分析法判断颈围的界值。结果老年人颈围与胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平呈正相关（男性 r ＝0．052、0．356、0．187，女性 r ＝0．053、0．346、0．132，P 均＜0．05），与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平呈负相关（男性 r ＝－0．380，女性 r ＝－0．313，P 均＜0．01）；男性颈围界值分别为38．15 cm、37．15 cm、38．15 cm、37．05 cm，对 TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C 的预测准确性分别为53．7％、68．1％、58．7％和71．8％，女性颈围界值分别为31．65 cm、33．95 cm、34．05 cm、33．15 cm，对TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C 的预测准确性分别为52．5％、67．8％、56．5％和66．0％，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．01）。结论颈围与血脂水平及其组分密切相关，颈围可能作为筛查老年人群血脂异常的指标之一，对血脂异常的早期预测及预防有重要意义。“,”Objective To investigate the relationship between the neck circumference and serum lipids in elderly people,and its prediction of dyslipidemia.Methods The random cluster sampling meth-od was used to investigate the residents aged 60-70 years old in Renqiu city including 4 412 cases.Face to face health questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory tests were carried out.According to the gen-der group,ROC curves was used to determine the cut points of neck circumference.Results Among male and female,the level of neck circumference was positively correlated with TC,TG and LDL-C(male r =0.052,r =0.356,r =0.187,female r =0.053,r =0.346,r =0.132,P <0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL-C level(male r =-0.380,female r =-0.313,P <0.01).The boundary values of female neek circumference were 38.15 cm,37.15 cm,38.15 cm,37.05 cm and the prediction accuracy of TC,TG, HDL-C,LDL-C were 53.7%,68.1%,58.7% and 71.8%,while the female neck circumference values were 31.65 cm,33.95 cm,34.05 cm,3.15 cm and the prediction accuracy of TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C were 52.5%,67.8%,56.5% and 66.0% respectively.The difference was statistically significant(P <0.01).Conclusion The neck circumference is closely related to the blood lipid levels and its abnormal components and neck circumference may be one of the indicators to screen serum lipids in the elderly pop-ulation,and it has important significance for the early prediction and prevention of dyslipidemia.