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秦末汉初,在月氏称雄河西的同时,雄踞蒙古高原的匈奴强大起来,他们垂涎南边水草丰美的河西及祁连山牧地,于是和月氏为争夺河西走廊展开拚死斗争。“至冒顿单于攻破月氏,而老上单于杀月氏,以其头为饮器,月氏乃远去”,匈奴遂占有整个河西走廊。匈奴占有河西走廊的时间大约是在公元前176年前后。匈奴占有河西,扩大了游牧地区,凭藉其优越的自然条件,使以游牧为主的生产活动得到长足
At the same time of the late Qin and early Han dynasties, the Hsiungnu dominating the Mongolian plateau formed a powerful force in the overthrow of the Hexi clan. They coveted the rich pastures of the Hexi and Qilian mountains in the south and began fighting desperately against the Hexi Corridor for the sake of gaining a foothold in the Hexi corridor. “To take the Dayton break the month alone, while the old single to kill the month, with its head as the drinker, the month’s is far away,” then the Huns occupy the entire Hexi Corridor. The Hsiungnu occupies the Hexi corridor about the time around 176 BC. The Hsiungnu occupied the Hexi area and expanded nomadic areas. By virtue of its superior natural conditions, the Hun-dominated production activities have made a big leap