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目的调查机械制造业电焊工尿锰(UMn)水平,探讨尿锰的应用价值。方法以某地区机械制造业电焊工8 861人为接触组,相应企业钳工674人为对照组,进行职业健康检查和UMn分析;检测作业场所空气中锰及其化合物含量。结果接触组角膜云翳、晶状体混浊、中耳炎、听力损伤、脂肪肝及心电图异常检出率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);UMn几何均值为(0.832±0.75)μg/L、超标率为0.6%,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);班后组UMn几何均值为(1.706±0.79)μg/L,高于晨尿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);随着年龄、工龄的增加,电焊工UMn几何均值增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论锰及其化合物对电焊工健康产生了影响,尤其是班后组UMn对监护电焊工锰中毒存在一定价值。
Objective To investigate the urinary manganese (UMn) level of welders in mechanical manufacturing industry and to explore the value of urinary manganese. Methods A total of 8 861 welders in mechanical manufacturing industry in a certain region and 674 workers in corresponding enterprises were employed as the control group for occupational health examination and UMn analysis. The contents of manganese and its compounds in the workplace air were measured. Results The detection rates of corneal clouding, lens opacity, otitis media, hearing loss, fatty liver and electrocardiogram were higher in the exposure group than those in the control group (P <0.01 or P <0.05), and the geometric mean of UMn was (0.832 ± 0.75) ) μg / L, and the exceeding standard rate was 0.6%, which were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.01). The mean UMn of the UM group was (1.706 ± 0.79) μg / L, The difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). With the increase of age and seniority, the geometric mean value of UMn in welders increased significantly (P <0.05). Conclusion Manganese and its compounds have an impact on the welders’ health. In particular, UMn in the shift group has some value for the monitoring of welders manganese poisoning.