论文部分内容阅读
2017年3月15日,第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过了《民法总则》,我国迎来了“民法典时代”。在《民法总则》通过后,立法机关正式启动民法典分则的编纂工作,包括物权编、合同编、侵权责任编、婚姻家庭编、继承编等。合同编作为其中的重要一环,涉及民商事交往的方方面面,编纂难度大、面临挑战多。在此背景下,对合同编编纂的相关法律问题进行深入研究,充分发挥专家学者的智慧和力量,为立法机关建言献策,具有重大意义。在本组研究中,谢鸿飞研究员指出了合同编总则编纂面临的两个约束性条件,提出应坚持尊重现行法律秩序、重视民商合一与民商分立、区分普通法与特别法的立法思路,同时认为不宜根本性地改变《合同法》的法律结构,并对合同编总则的一些重要制度提出了相应的完善建议。高圣平教授认为,融资租赁登记公示制度的缺失不利于当事人权利的保护且危及交易安全,建议在我国既有的体系安排之下,采取登记公示出租人所有权的模式,同时就不动产和特殊动产融资租赁辅之以登记公示承租人的租赁权;在制度重构时,应在民法典合同编融资租赁合同章规定普通动产融资租赁登记的对抗效力,不强制当事人登记;在程序设计上,应构建基于互联网的电子化登记系统,由当事人单方自主登记,登记机构仅作形式审查。曹兴权教授指出,《合同法》第四十二条创设的一般性缔约信息主动披露义务规则,虽有助于彰显诚信但也呈现出过度强制而损及交易公平乃至效率之弊。为避免强制信息披露义务制度的失败,民法典应理顺不得虚假陈述与不得故意欺诈的关系,通过一般规定与特别规定、原则与除外等立法技术进行完善,对询问回答及其他替代性程序的引入、行业习惯之于评价信息披露合理性的意义、技术对信息披露义务的特别影响等问题进行回应。本专题所组的3篇文章从上述3个视角对民法典合同编的编纂提出了各自的思路和建议,期望本组研究能为民法典合同编的编纂以及学者的相关研究提供参考和借鉴。《河南社会科学》将持续关注我国的民法典编纂工作,也将继续组织相关方面的选题策划,欢迎各位专家学者参与我们的讨论并赐稿。
On March 15, 2017, the Fifth Session of the Twelfth National People’s Congress passed the General Provisions of Civil Law, and our country ushered in the era of civil code. After the General Provisions of Civil Law were passed, the legislature officially started the codification of the subdivisions of Civil Code, including the compilation of real right codes, contract codes, infringement liability codes, marriage and family series and inheritance books. The compilation of contracts is one of the most important aspects involved in all aspects of civil-commercial exchanges. It is difficult to compile and faces many challenges. Against this background, it is of great significance to carry out an in-depth study of the relevant legal issues in the compilation of contracts, to give full play to the wisdom and strength of experts and scholars and to offer advice and suggestions to the legislature. In this study, Prof. Xie Hongfei pointed out two binding conditions facing compilation of the general rules of contract, and proposed that the legislative thinking should be insisted on respecting the existing legal order, paying attention to the separation of civil and commercial people from commercial and business people, and the distinction between common law and special law, At the same time, it is not appropriate to fundamentally change the legal structure of “Contract Law” and put forward some corresponding suggestions on some important systems of contract general rules. Professor Gao Shengping believes that the absence of financial lease registration system is not conducive to the protection of the rights of the parties and endangers the security of transactions. It is suggested that the mode of registering the ownership of the lessors be registered and registered under the existing system arrangement of our country, meanwhile, Supplemented by the registration of the publicity of lessees rental rights; in the reconstruction of the system, should be in the Civil Code contract for the preparation of financial lease contract provisions of ordinary movable property finance lease registration effectiveness, does not force the parties to register; in the program design, should build based on The electronic registration system of the Internet is independently registered by the parties unilaterally and the registration authority only conducts the formal examination. Professor Cao Xingquan pointed out that although the rules for voluntarily disclosing obligations of general contracting information created in Article 42 of the Contract Law, while helping to demonstrate honesty and credibility, also appear to be over-coercive and detract from the fairness and efficiency of the transaction. In order to avoid the failure of compulsory information disclosure obligation system, the Civil Code should smooth out the relationship between false statements and no intentional fraud, and improve it through general and special legislative provisions such as principles and exclusions. The answers to inquiries and other alternative procedures The introduction of industry accustomed to evaluating the reasonableness of information disclosure and the special influence of technology on information disclosure obligation. The three articles in this topic put forward their own ideas and suggestions on the compilation of the contractual codes of civil code from the above three perspectives. It is hoped that this study can provide references for the compilation of the contractual code of civil code as well as scholars’ related research. “Henan Social Science” will continue to pay attention to China’s compilation of civil code, will also continue to organize topics related topics planning, experts and scholars are welcome to participate in our discussion and give draft.