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目的了解台山市集中式供水水质变化情况,为政府制定管水政策提供依据。方法对2011—2013年台山市辖区所有集中式供水单位水质监测数据进行统计处理,采用描述流行病学的方法分析。结果共检测集中式供水水样763份,合格水样547份,合格率为71.69%(547/763)。末梢水的合格率均高于出厂水,其差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.07、5.67、4.70、14.22,P<0.05)。丰水期合格率为70.82%(250/353),枯水期合格率为70.98%(291/410),其差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.002,P>0.05)。市政集中式供水合格率为95.83%(345/360),乡镇集中式供水合格率为50.12%(202/403),其差异有统计学意义(χ2=195.75,P<0.05)。结论台山市集中式供水水质合格率较低,存在饮水安全隐患,建议监管部门建立健全生活饮用水长效监管机制,督促供水单位,特别是乡镇集中式供水单位改善制水设施。
Objective To understand the changes of centralized water quality in Taishan City and provide the basis for the government to formulate the water management policy. Methods The data of water quality monitoring of all centralized water supply units in Taishan City from 2011 to 2013 were statistically analyzed and analyzed by means of descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 763 centralized water samples and 547 qualified water samples were tested. The pass rate was 71.69% (547/763). The qualified rate of peripheral water was higher than that of factory water, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 5.07,5.67,4.70,14.22, P <0.05). The pass rate was 70.82% (250/353) in wet season and 70.98% (291/410) in dry season, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 0.002, P> 0.05). The qualified rate of municipal centralized water supply was 95.83% (345/360), and that of township centralized water supply was 50.12% (202/403). The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 195.75, P <0.05). Conclusion The qualified rate of centralized water supply in Taishan City is low and there are potential safety hazards in drinking water. It is suggested that the regulatory authorities establish and improve the long-term regulatory mechanism for drinking water and urge the water supply units, especially the centralized water supply units in villages and towns, to improve their water facilities.