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目的为了科学地预防和控制狂犬病,对保山市狂犬病疫情进行分析并对2014年保山市狂犬病进行风险评估。方法调查云南省保山市狂犬病疫情资料、流行病学资料、狂犬病疫苗使用情况、犬存栏数和相关的狂犬病防治措施。结果 2004年1月1日至2014年9月10日,保山市共发生人间狂犬病13例,其中2014年施甸县5例,这5例狂犬病潜伏期41~167 d,中位数113 d;地理分布由南向北主要分布在旧城乡至水长乡的公路两旁的乡村。保山市合计犬伤人率为2.75/10万,其中施甸县为19.51/10万,龙陵县为1.19/10万,昌宁县为0.38/10万,腾冲县为0.33/10万和隆阳区为0.29/10万。以犬伤人率最低的隆阳区为参考,施甸县为隆阳区的61.49倍(χ2=169.990,P<0.05),其他县与隆阳区比较差异无统计学意义。施甸县、龙陵县和隆阳区3县(区)兽用狂犬病疫苗免疫率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32 415.930,P<0.05),施甸县的兽用狂犬病疫苗免疫率高。结论近期在保山市发生人间狂犬病数≥5例可能性风险较低;3~4例可能性风险中等;1~2例可能性风险较高。发生的地区为施甸、龙陵县和隆阳区3县(区)风险很高;发生在昌宁县和腾冲县2县风险中等。
Objective To scientifically prevent and control rabies, the epidemic situation of rabies in Baoshan City was analyzed and the risk assessment of rabies in Baoshan City in 2014 was conducted. Methods The epidemiological data of rabies, epidemiological data, the use of rabies vaccine, the number of dogs in the population and related rabies prevention and control measures were investigated in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Results From January 1, 2004 to September 10, 2014, there were 13 cases of human rabies in Baoshan City, of which 5 cases were in Shiding County in 2014. The incubation period of these 5 rabies cases was 41 to 167 days, with a median of 113 days. Distribution from south to north are mainly distributed in the old township to Shuichangxiang highway on both sides of the village. Baoshan City, the total canine injury rate was 2.75 / 100,000, of which 19.51 / 100,000 Shidian, Longling County was 1.19 / 100,000, Changning County was 0.38 / 100,000, Tengchong County was 0.33 / 100,000 and Longyang The area is 0.29 / 100,000. Reference to Longyang District with the lowest canine injury rate, 61.49 times that of Shundian County in Longyang District (χ2 = 169.990, P <0.05). There was no significant difference between other counties and Longyang District. Shidian County, Longling County and Longyang District, 3 counties (districts) rabies vaccination rate of veterinary comparison, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 32 415.930, P <0.05), Shidian County animal rabies vaccination rate high. Conclusions The risk of occurrence of human rabies more than 5 cases in Baoshan recently was low. The risk of 3-4 cases was moderate and the risk of 1-2 cases was higher. The occurrence areas are high risk in 3 counties (districts) of Shidian, Longling and Longyang; in medium risk of 2 counties of Changning County and Tengchong County.