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美国审前公开问题的实质是宪法修正案所保护的公正审判与言论出版自由的冲突,在解决这一问题上,美国最高法院经历了一个从侧重保护新闻出版自由的“审判有明显错误”标准,到侧重保护公正审判“推定的偏见”标准,再到重视两种权利调和的全面审查标准。全面审查标准强调了法官的主动性,这反映出在新闻媒体高度发达的今日,审前公开已经对公正审判造成冲击,迫使一贯主张司法克制的美国法院向司法能动进行转换。我国应当借鉴美国的全面审查标准,在热点案件中对影响公正审判的因素进行审查,进而采取相应的措施来保障公正审判的进行。
The essence of the pretrial publication in the United States is the conflict between fair trial and freedom of speech protected by the constitutional amendment. In resolving this issue, the Supreme Court of the United States has undergone a trial from “focusing on the protection of press freedom” “Standard, to focus on the protection of fair trial ” prejudice bias "standard, and then focus on the two kinds of comprehensive review of the right to reconcile the standard. The comprehensive review of the standard emphasizes the judge’s initiative, which reflects the fact that pre-trial publicity has hit the fair trial at a time of highly developed news media and has forced the United States courts, which have always advocated judicial restraint, to move to justice. Our country should learn from the comprehensive review standard of the United States, review the factors that affect the fair trial in hot cases, and then take appropriate measures to protect the fair trial.