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[目的]探讨油田野外作业工人职业紧张、神经递质水平与睡眠质量的关系。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法,抽取油田野外作业工人共810名为研究对象,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表进行职业紧张以及睡眠质量的调查。随机抽取其中178人,测定五羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、神经肽Y(NPY)和P物质。[结果]共收集有效问卷700份,不同性别、锻炼状况的油田野外作业工人在职业紧张得分上差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。700名油田野外作业工人PSQI的评分结果显示,251名(35.86%)有睡眠质量问题。不同年龄、性别和锻炼状况者睡眠质量问题的分布情况不同(均P<0.05)。不同性别、饮酒状况和锻炼状况者在部分神经递质水平上差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。偏相关分析发现,油田野外作业工人职业任务、个体紧张反应、5-HT、NE和P物质与部分睡眠质量因子呈正相关关系(均P<0.05),而个体应对资源与睡眠效率呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析发现,年龄(OR=2.226,95%CI:1.004~4.936)、个体紧张反应(OR=1.062,95%CI:1.023~1.103)、职业任务(OR=1.040,95%CI:1.012~1.069)、P物质(OR=1.024,95%CI:1.008~1.040)和5-HT(OR=1.011,95%CI:1.001~1.020)是睡眠质量的危险因素,锻炼是保护因素(OR=0.079,95%CI:0.022~0.282)。[结论]油田野外作业工人存在一定程度的睡眠质量问题,职业紧张与睡眠质量有关,并且受到相关神经递质的影响。因此,改善职业紧张可以提高油田野外作业工人的睡眠质量。
[Objective] To explore the relationship between occupational stress, neurotransmitter and sleep quality of oilfield field workers. [Methods] A total of 810 fieldwork workers in the field were sampled by cluster sampling method. OSI-R and PSQI scale were used to investigate occupational stress and sleep quality . 178 of them were randomly selected for determination of serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and substance P [Results] There were statistically significant differences in occupational stress scores among 700 oil field field workers who collected 700 valid questionnaires and different gender and exercise conditions (all P <0.05). PSQI scores of field workers in 700 oil fields showed that 251 (35.86%) had sleep quality problems. The distribution of sleep quality problems varied with age, gender and exercise status (all P <0.05). There were significant differences in some neurotransmitters between different genders, drinking status and exercise status (all P <0.05). Partial correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between 5-HT, NE and substance P and part of sleep quality factors (P <0.05), while there was a negative correlation between individual resource and sleep efficiency (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in age (OR = 2.226, 95% CI: 1.004-4.936), individual stress (OR = 1.062, 95% CI: 1.023-1.103) (OR = 1.024, 95% CI: 1.008-1.040) and 5-HT (OR = 1.011, 95% CI: 1.001-1.020) were the risk factors of sleep quality. Exercise was protective factor , 95% CI: 0.022-0.282). [Conclusion] There was a certain degree of sleep quality problems in field field workers. Occupational stress was related to sleep quality and affected by neurotransmitters. Therefore, to improve occupational stress can improve the quality of sleep in the field field workers.