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目的:介绍近几年银杏叶提取物治疗老年病的概况,为其进一步的临床应用和科研设计提供参考资料。资料来源:检索清华全文数据库1994-01/2005-10关于银杏叶提取物和老年疾病、心脑血管相关的文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“银杏叶提取物,老年,心脑血管”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取包括处理组和对照组的文献,筛除明显不随机的研究,对剩余的文献开始查找全文。纳入标准为:①随机对照研究。②实验或临床研究包含平行对照组。③处理组为应用银杏叶制剂。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到221篇关于银杏叶提取物治疗老年性疾病的随机和未随机研究文章,25个动物实验或临床研究符合纳入标准。排除的196篇文章,175篇为未随机研究或重复性研究,21篇为综述类文章。资料综合:25个试验包括约1099例患者和355只实验动物,证实了银杏叶提取物在糖尿病治疗方面具有调节血脂水平,从而改善胰岛抵抗作用;在高血压方面有效地改善老年高血压患者的高凝状态并改善血液流变性;在心脑血管方面能保护缺血性心肌,提高大鼠脑去甲肾上腺素、5-羟色胺含量,可通过上调Bcl-2蛋白表达,下调Bax蛋白表达,对脑缺血再灌注损伤起保护作用,能够明显改善脑梗死伴糖尿病患者的各项血液流变学特性;在抗衰老、老年痴呆方面能保护脑组织ATP酶的活性,抑制氧自由基对线粒体核糖核酸的损害而延缓老年大鼠脑衰老的进程,改善老龄大鼠的学习和记忆功能。银杏叶提取物已用于高血压、糖尿病、脑衰老、老年痴呆、心脑血管等疾病的治疗;无副性事件报道。结论:银杏叶提取物是一种很有前途和价值的药物,在老年病的治疗领域中具有广阔的应用前景。
Objective: To introduce the general situation of ginkgo leaf extract in the treatment of geriatric diseases in recent years, and to provide reference materials for further clinical application and scientific research design. Source: Tsinghua Full-text Database from January 1994 to October 2005 on ginkgo biloba extract and geriatric diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular related articles, limited article language is Chinese, the search term “Ginkgo biloba extract, old age, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ”. Data selection: Initial review of the data, selection of literature including treatment and control groups, screening of apparently non-randomized studies, and search for the rest of the literature. Inclusion criteria were: 1 randomized controlled study. 2 Experimental or clinical studies included parallel controls. 3 The treatment group used Ginkgo biloba leaf preparation. Exclusion criteria: repetitive studies. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 221 randomized and unrandomized articles on the treatment of geriatric diseases by Ginkgo biloba extract were collected, and 25 animal experiments or clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 196 articles excluded, 175 were non-randomized or repetitive studies, and 21 were review articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: Twenty-five trials involving approximately 1,099 patients and 355 experimental animals confirmed that Ginkgo biloba extract regulates blood lipid levels in the treatment of diabetes, thereby improving islet resistance; effectively improving hypertension in elderly hypertensive patients Hypercoagulability and improve blood rheology; in the heart and brain blood vessels can protect the ischemic myocardium, increase the brain norepinephrine, serotonin content, can be through upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression, down regulation of Bax protein expression, Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury plays a protective role, can significantly improve the hemorheological characteristics of cerebral infarction patients with diabetes mellitus; it can protect the activity of ATPase in brain tissue in the anti-aging and senile dementia, and inhibit the oxygen free radicals to mitochondrial ribose Nucleic acid damage delays the aging process of aging rats and improves the learning and memory function of aged rats. Ginkgo biloba extract has been used for the treatment of hypertension, diabetes, brain aging, senile dementia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; no side effects have been reported. Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract is a promising and valuable drug with a broad application prospect in the treatment of geriatric diseases.