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工业大尺寸测量中常用的经纬仪、跟踪仪等多站式测量系统大多使用基于空间球坐标系的角度交汇测量方式。由于这种测量方法对测站轴系结构有严格的要求,导致现有的测量设备制造成本高、组装困难,并使最终测量结果受轴系误差影响较大。介绍了一种基于光平面交汇的多站式大尺寸测量方法。采用分布于工作空间内的多台激光发射站及接收器测量待测点坐标。建立了基于双旋转激光平面的单发射站数学模型,推导了接收器三维坐标计算公式并对基于光束平差原理的测站定向方法进行了讨论。新方法降低了对测站轴系精度的要求,提高了可靠性。实验结果证明:新方法的测量精度优于0.2mm。
Commonly used large-scale industrial measurement of theodolite, tracker and other multi-station measurement systems mostly based on the spatial spherical coordinate system of the intersection of the angle of measurement. Due to the strict requirements of the measuring system for the shaft structure of the station, the existing measuring equipment has high manufacturing cost, difficult assembly and great influence on the final measuring result by the shaft error. A multi-station large-size measurement method based on intersection of light planes is introduced. Coordinates of points to be measured are measured by using multiple laser transmitting stations and receivers distributed in the work space. The mathematical model of a single transmitting station based on double-rotation laser plane is established. The formula for calculating the three-dimensional coordinates of the receiver is deduced and the method of station orientation based on the principle of beam adjustment is discussed. The new method reduces the need for station shafting accuracy and improves reliability. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the new method is better than 0.2mm.