1病例资料患儿女,10岁3个月,因“反复咳嗽、咳痰1个月余,伴咯血1次”于2015年5月27日入院。患儿1个多月前无明显诱因出现咳嗽,咳少量黄脓痰。入院20多天前突然出现咯血,量约5 m L,鲜红色,查胸部CT示“左肺炎症并支气管扩张、左上肺肺实变、左肺上叶支气管开口处可疑结节影”。病程中患儿精神反应尚可,睡眠时呼吸重,无明显呼吸困难,无呕吐,无腹泻,无嗜睡,无烦躁不安,无盗 1 case data Children, 10-year-old 3 months, because “repeated cough, sputum more than 1 month, with hemoptysis 1” was admitted on May 27, Children more than a month ago no obvious incentive to cough, cough, a small amount of yellow purulent sputum. More than 20 days before admission, sudden onset of hemoptysis, the amount of about 5 m L, bright red, check the chest CT showed “left lung inflammation and bronchiectasis, left upper lung consolidation, left lung bronchial suspicious nodules” . During the course of the child’s mental reaction was acceptable, heavy breathing during sleep, no obvious breathing difficulties, no vomiting, no diarrhea, no lethargy, no irritability, no stolen