企业亏损,有其主要客观方面的种种原因,其中,最重要的一点是企业缺乏利润动机。用一些厂长经理的话来说,盈利了,银行、税务都来找,收税款、收利息、还贷款,各种摊派,企业难以招架;亏损了,政府、银行都来保,给救济、发贷款,日子过得也不坏。因此,很多企业往往维持一种不盈不亏的状态。有一个山区县、预算内工业企业维持十多年无亏损,同时也很少利润,经济发展平稳而缓慢。由于缺乏利润动机,缺乏自我积累、自我发展的激励机制,许多企业几十年产品一贯制,产品单一,设备陈旧,质量低下,经不起市场波动的影响,一有风吹草动,企业即陷入亏损境地。同时,政府对亏损和盈利企业的厂长经理缺乏有效的过硬的奖惩措施,也影响了他们 There are various reasons for the loss of the enterprise, including its main objective aspects. Among them, the most important point is that the company lacks profit motives. In the words of managers of some factory managers, it is profitable. Banks and taxation are all coming to find taxes, interest, loans, and various kinds of assessments. Enterprises are unable to parry; losses, governments, and banks all come to protect, give relief, Making loans, life is not bad. Therefore, many companies often maintain a state of no gain or loss. There is a mountain county and budget industrial enterprises that have maintained no losses for more than a decade, and have little profit at the same time. The economic development has been steady and slow. Due to the lack of profit motives and the lack of self-accumulation and self-development incentive mechanisms, many companies have consistently implemented products for decades, with single products, outdated equipment, and low quality. They cannot withstand the effects of market fluctuations. . At the same time, the government’s lack of effective and effective rewards and penalties for managers of loss-making and profitable companies also affected them.