论文部分内容阅读
目的了解赣州市2008年实施扩大国家免疫规划(National Expanded Program on Immunization,NEPI)后工作开展情况,评价全市NEPI实施效果,为进一步制定免疫规划策略提供科学依据。方法对NEPI前后(2007年和2015年)的政府投入、冷链设备装备、专业人员构成、疫苗接种率、免疫规划针对传染病疫情资料等各个方面进行比较分析。结果 NEPI工作实施后,市县两级NEPI工作经费有了较大改善;市、县、乡三级免疫规划专职人员均有所增加,县管理人员、乡级人员普遍偏少,单位平均人数分别为3.37人、2.73人;人员学历、职称总体呈上升趋势,但无学历、职称人员比例较高,村医管理覆盖率下降。全市冷链设备有了极大的提升。NEPI新增疫苗及乙型肝炎疫苗首剂及时接种率比NEPI前有了很大的提高,除流行性腮腺炎外,其余免疫规划针对传染病发病率均显著下降,白喉、脊髓灰质炎无病例报告。结论赣州市NEPI工作取得了较大进展,免疫规划疫苗接种率维持在较高水平,免疫规划针对传染病发病率总体呈下降趋势。但面临基层政府投入不足,免疫规划专业人员缺乏、素质不高、不稳定等问题。
Objective To understand the work carried out in Ganzhou City after the implementation of the National Expanded Program on Immunization (NEPI) in 2008 to evaluate the implementation effect of NEPI in the city and provide a scientific basis for further development of the immunization planning strategy. Methods Before and after NEPI (2007 and 2015), government investment, cold chain equipment, professional staff, vaccination rate, immunization program for infectious disease data and other aspects were compared and analyzed. Results After the implementation of NEPI, the funding for NEPI at city and county levels has been greatly improved. The number of full-time immunization program specialists in cities, counties and townships has been increased. The average number of county-level managers and people in townships is generally small, 3.37 and 2.73 respectively. The educational level and title of the staff are generally on the rise. However, the non-academic and professional staff have a higher percentage of staff and the coverage rate of the village medical staff has decreased. The city’s cold chain equipment has been greatly improved. NEPI vaccine and hepatitis B vaccine first dose timely vaccination rate has greatly improved than before NEPI, except for mumps, the remaining immunization programs for the incidence of infectious diseases were significantly decreased, diphtheria, polio, no case report. Conclusion The progress of NEPI in Ganzhou City has made great progress. The vaccination rate of immunization programs has been maintained at a high level. The overall incidence of infectious diseases in immunization programs has been on the decline. However, they are facing the problems of inadequate investment by grass-roots government, lack of specialized immunization program professionals, low quality and instability.