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全身照射(TBI)治疗恶性病乃Dessauer于1905年首倡。继之,许多学者陆续提出报告。最初仅治疗晚期癌肿病人,1951年时利用2mv X线的TBI单次剂量为40-150rad(人体中线剂量),结果令人鼓舞。血液系统的耐受性比予料的要大,并且无胃肠道症状。为了安全地给予高剂量而采用了选择性遮挡和分割照射技术。Jacobsop证明若遮挡一侧大鼠造血活跃的股骨时,单次致死剂量可提高一倍。这个观察是次全身照射(STBI)的基础,遮挡头颅和四肢可以避免成人10%活动骨髓的受照。STBI用于治疗广泛的淋巴癌、精原细胞瘤之未累及脑,头颅和四肢者。自1961年开始用25Mev x线,剂量率为3-19rad/分。
Whole body irradiation (TBI) treatment of malignant disease was initiated by Dessauer in 1905. Following this, many scholars have successively submitted reports. Initially, only patients with advanced cancer were treated with a single dose of 40-150 rad (human midline dose) using a 2mv X-ray at 1951, and the results were encouraging. The blood system is more tolerant than expected and has no gastrointestinal symptoms. Selective blocking and splitting illumination techniques are used to safely give high doses. Jacobsop demonstrated that the single-lethal dose can be doubled if the hematopoietic bone of one side of the rat is blocked. This observation is the basis of the Whole Body Irradiation (STBI), which shields the head and limbs from adult exposure to 10% of active bone marrow. STBI is used to treat a wide range of lymphoma, seminomas, brain, head and limbs. The 25Mev x-ray has been used since 1961, with a dose rate of 3-19 rad/min.