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合成表面活性物质(以下简称表面活性剂)常被用来洗涮食堂和厨房器皿。世界上每年的消费量达300万吨,每年的生产量增加8%,约75%用于生活需要。按第三次国际表面活性剂会议所通过的命名,表面活性剂可分成几类:阴离子、阳离子、两性电解质和非离子性的。其中以阴离子性表面活性剂的应用最为普遍。支链和直链烷基芳烃磺酸盐在阴离子表面活性剂中占主要地位。支链烷基芳烃磺酸盐广泛应用于食具的洗涤。在苏联烷基芳烃磺酸盐中最普遍的是烷基苯磺酸钠HП-1(以下简称为HП-1)。HП-1用于配制洗衣粉、洗手膏和家庭日用品洗涤膏,
Synthetic surfactants (hereinafter referred to as surfactants) are often used to wash canteen and kitchen utensils. The world consumes 3 million tons annually, increasing its annual production by 8% and about 75% for living needs. According to the naming of the Third International Surfactant Conference, surfactants fall into several categories: anionic, cationic, ampholytic and non-ionic. Among them, anionic surfactants are most commonly used. Branched and straight chain alkylaromatic sulfonates are predominant in anionic surfactants. Branched alkyl aromatic sulfonates are widely used in the washing of utensils. The most common alkyl sulfonate in the Soviet Union is sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate HП-1 (hereinafter referred to as HП-1). HП-1 for the preparation of detergent, hand cream and household daily necessities detergent,