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生产劳动与非生产劳动的划分从来都是政治经济学的一个重要问题。在经济学说史中,重商主义、重农主义、古典学派的分野,首先就表现为他们对生产劳动的规定具有不同的标志。马克思十分重视生产劳动问题,在《剩余价值理论》中进行了专题研究,在《资本论》中从不同方面多次论述了生产劳动与非生产劳动的划分。马克思在分析、判批资产阶级经济学家关于生产劳动观点的基础上,对生产劳动概念的规定做了精辟的、深刻的论述,科学地奠定了马克思主义的生产劳动学说。
The division of productive and non-productive labor has always been an important issue in political economy. In the history of economics, the division of mercantilism, agrarianism and classical school, first of all, shows that they have different marks on the provisions on productive labor. Marx attaches great importance to the issue of productive labor, conducted a special study in “the theory of surplus value”, and repeatedly discussed the division of productive and non-productive labor in various aspects from the “capital theory.” On the basis of analyzing and criticizing the views of bourgeois economists on productive labor, Marx made an incisive and profound exposition of the provisions on the concept of productive labor and laid a scientific foundation on the Marxist theory of productive labor.