1　概念　　肺泡出血综合征是临床特点为呼吸困难、咯血、Ｘ线胸片为双侧弥漫性肺泡浸润以及贫血的一组疾病。通常在发病之初不能被早期诊断 ,典型的咯血和肺泡浸润有时被认为是肺水肿或肺炎。对早期肺泡出血综合征错误的诊断和治疗将导致两种严重后果 :(1)疾病迅速进展导致呼 1 concept Alveolar hemorrhagic syndrome is a group of clinical features of dyspnea, hemoptysis, chest X-ray diffuse bilateral alveolar infiltration and anemia. It is usually not diagnosed early at the onset of disease. Typical hemoptysis and alveolar infiltration are sometimes considered pulmonary edema or pneumonia. The wrong diagnosis and treatment of early alveolar hemorrhagic syndrome will lead to two serious consequences: (1) the rapid progress of the disease leads to