1974年10月,印度西部地区以玉米为主食的200个村庄,发生黄曲霉毒素引起的肝炎爆发,持续两个月。患者397例,以男性居多,为女性的2倍;未见婴儿患病,接触者均未发病;106例死亡。 临床表现:特点为有短暂性发热、呕吐及厌食,继而出现黄疸。有些在2～3周内迅速出现腹水及下肢浮肿;仅数例有肝肿大及压痛;脾肿大、质坚,无压痛。少数迅速发生侧枝循环,明显腹壁静脉曲张。有些病人出现结膜瘀斑,但未见皮下出血。病死率很高;死亡一般突然发生,多数先有胃肠道大出血。还有些患者病情很轻,完全恢复。继人 In October 1974, an outbreak of aflatoxin-induced hepatitis broke out in 200 villages in western India, where maize was the staple food, for two months. 397 cases of patients, mostly men, twice the women; no infants, no contact with disease; 106 cases of death. Clinical manifestations: characterized by transient fever, vomiting and anorexia, followed by jaundice. Some rapidly developed ascites and lower limb edema in 2 to 3 weeks; only a few cases of hepatomegaly and tenderness; splenomegaly, quality, no tenderness. A small number of collateral circulation rapid, significant abdominal varicose veins. Some patients have conjunctival ecchymosis, but no subcutaneous bleeding. High mortality; sudden deaths occur, most of the first gastrointestinal bleeding. Still others are in very mild condition and fully recover. Following people