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目的对Ｇ－杆菌医院感染进行监测和控制。方法运用质粒图谱，限制性内切酶谱，质粒消除，接合传递等系列实验对耐药革兰阴性杆菌的Ｒ－质粒进行分析。结果发现有同源性的４种质粒，即３５．２ｋｂ、５．５６ｋｂ、３．６４ｋｂ、２．５１ｋｂ质粒在１２１株带质粒的医院感染菌中分别占３３．０％、１４．０％、２４．８％、２０．７％。提示它们是医院感染菌的流行质粒。结论质粒消除结果显示质粒介导的耐药菌在革兰阴性菌耐药菌中占大多数。其中３５．２ｋｂ质粒与耐ＧＭ有关，３．６４ｋｂ与耐ＡＭＰ、ＣＢＰＣ有关，２．５１ｋｂ与耐ＡＭＰ有关，５．５６ｋｂ与耐ＡＭＰ、ＣＸＭ、ＣＲＯ、ＣＴＸ有关。５．５６ｋｂ质粒可通过接合传递方式在不同的菌属间传播，其传递频率介于３×１０－４间。
Objective To monitor and control G-bacilli hospital infection. Methods R-plasmids of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli were analyzed by using plasm maps, restriction endonucleases, plasmids elimination and conjugation transfer. The results showed that there were 4 plasmids with homology of 35.2kb, 5.56kb, 3.64kb and 2.51kb, accounting for 33.0% and 14.0% respectively of the 121 hospital-acquired plasmids, 24.8%, 20.7%. Suggesting that they are popular plasmids for nosocomial infections. Conclusion Plasmid elimination results show that plasmid-mediated drug-resistant bacteria are the majority of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. 35.2kb plasmids and GM-resistant, 3.64kb and AMP, CBPC-related, 2.51kb and AMP-resistant, 5.56kb and resistant to AMP, CXM, CRO, CTX related. 5.56kb plasmids can be transmitted through the junction between the transmission of different strains of bacteria, the transfer frequency between 3 × 10-4.