“黑话”人,是居住在云南鹤庆、剑川、丽江等县山区的少数民族,系彝族的一个支系。因为他们的语言是彝语夹杂着古自语,外人很难听懂,故称其为“黑话”。“黑话”人是一个原始而古老的土著民族,他们的生活习俗还保存着古朴的原始遗风。尤其是民族传统节日,凝聚着“黑话”人特有的民族经济生活、民族社会结构、民族心理、信仰、艺术、语言等民族民俗传统文化的色彩,是研究该民族民间生活与文化的可贵资料。马克思主义强调:“物质生活的生产力方式决定着社会生活、政治生活及精神生活 “Black Talker” is a minority living in the mountainous areas of Heqing, Jianchuan, Lijiang and other counties in Yunnan Province and is a branch of the Yi nationality. Because their language is mixed with ancient Yi Yi language, outsiders hard to understand, it is called “black words.” “Black Talk” is a primitive and ancient indigenous people, their customs of life also preserved the ancient primitive legacy. In particular, the festival of traditional nationalities is a valuable information for studying the folk life and culture of the ethnic group, which is characterized by the ethnic economic life, ethnic social structure, national psychology, belief, art and language unique to the “black people”. Marxism emphasizes: "The mode of productive forces of material life determines the social life, political life and spiritual life