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中国古代的行政法与近代意义上的行政法在立法价值、内容形式等方面存在着本质的差别。通过梳理“庚子国变”至“辛亥革命”这一中国近代变法关键时期的历史背景,理解晚清变法改革的必然性,可以清楚地发现,我国行政法制的转型肇始于清末的新政改革。这个过程离不开日本法制因素的影响,尤其是晚清留日知识精英们的法学思想与法学实践,对于我国行政法制的转型的作用更是不可忽视。甚至可以说,在很大程度上,这一时期的中国近代行政法制转型就是由这些留日归来知识精英们推动的。文章以中国近代行政法制转型为视角,论述夏同龢《行政法》的开创性贡献,以求教于学界同仁。
The administrative law in ancient China and the administrative law in the modern sense have essential differences in terms of legislative value and content form. By combing the historical background of the critical period of the modern Chinese reform and the necessity of reform in the late Qing reform, we can clearly find that the transformation of our administrative legal system started in the late Qing Dynasty New Deal reform. This process can not be separated from the influence of the legal system in Japan. Especially the legal thoughts and legal practice of the knowledge elites in late Qing Dynasty and Japan are more important to the transformation of the administrative legal system in our country. It can even be said that to a large extent, the transformation of China’s modern administrative legal system during this period was driven by the return of these returned Japanese intellectual elites. From the perspective of the transformation of Chinese modern administrative legal system, this essay discusses the pioneering contributions of Xia Tong and “Administrative Law” in order to learn from colleagues in academia.