论文部分内容阅读
根据生态系统保护的要求,以提高生态系统承载力、保护河口生态系统完整性和稳定性为原则,以促进区域生态系统的良性维持为目标,从生物多样性保护的角度,研究确定了23600hm2的黄河三角洲应补水的湿地恢复和保护规模。在此基础上,采用景观生态学的原理和方法,在湿地植物生理学、生态学、水文学研究基础上及遥感和GIS技术的支持下,研究水分—生态耦合作用机理,建立基于生态水文学的黄河口湿地生态需水及评价模型,并运用预案研究方法和景观生态决策支持系统的规划评价思想,预测和评价了黄河口湿地不同补水方案产生的生态效果,重点研究了丹顶鹤、东方白鹳、黑嘴鸥等指示性物种适宜生境条件与湿地补水后的生态格局变化。评价结果表明,黄河三角洲湿地具备东方白鹳及丹顶鹤等保护性鸟类的繁殖和越冬的潜在生境条件,但其生境质量并不十分理想,通过湿地补水,作为珍稀鸟类重要栖息地芦苇湿地面积从现状的10000hm2增加至22000hm2,生态承载力大幅提高;研究在统筹黄河水资源条件、水资源配置工程措施和湿地生态系统综合保护需求后,推荐提出了黄河三角洲湿地恢复和保护的3.5亿m3黄河补水量及补水时期。
According to the requirements of ecosystem protection, with the principle of improving ecosystem carrying capacity and protecting the integrity and stability of estuarine ecosystems, and promoting the benign maintenance of regional ecosystems, from the perspective of biodiversity conservation, we have determined that 23600hm2 Yellow River Delta should replenish wetlands to restore and protect the scale. On this basis, using the principles and methods of landscape ecology, based on the plant physiology, ecology and hydrology, and the support of remote sensing and GIS technology, this paper studies the mechanism of water-ecology coupling and establishes the ecological hydrological- The ecological water demand of Yellow River Mouth Wetland and its evaluation model are predicted and evaluated by using the pre-plan research method and the planning evaluation idea of landscape ecological decision support system. The ecological effects of different recharge programs in the Yellow River Estuary wetland are forecasted and evaluated. Black-headed gulls and other indicator species suitable for habitat conditions and wetland water recharge after the ecological changes. The evaluation results show that the Yellow River Delta wetlands have the potential habitat conditions for the breeding and overwintering of native white storks and red-crowned cranes. However, their habitat quality is not very satisfactory. Wetland recharges the wetland as an important habitat for rare birds From the current 10,000hm2 to 22000hm2, the ecological carrying capacity has been greatly increased. After considering the conditions for the Yellow River water resources, water resources allocation and comprehensive protection of the wetland ecosystem, the study proposes to put forward a proposed 350 million m3 Yellow River Yellow River Delta for restoration and protection of wetlands in the Yellow River Delta Replenishment and replenishment period.