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目的:探讨达利珠单抗在预防同种肾异体移植术后急性排斥反应的作用.方法:回顾分析了已随访1 a的28例(男性24例,女性4例,年龄32 a±s 5 a)应用2剂达利珠单抗的病人的临床效果,并以同期肾移植80例(男性68例,女性12例,年龄34 a±11 a)作为对照组.所有病人均给予以麦考酚酸酯(mycophenolate mofetil, MMF), 环孢素(ciclosporin,CsA),甲基强的松龙(methylprednisolone, MPD)和泼尼松(prednisone, Pred)为基础的免疫抑制方案;达利珠单抗在基础治疗方案上,分别于手术前24 h内和手术后d 14按照剂量为1 mg*kg-1通过静脉注射给药.观察急性排斥反应发生率、药物不良反应、感染发生率、病人和移植物的1 a存活率.所有病人均随访1 a以上.结果:达利珠单抗组在3 mo内急性排斥反应发生率(4 %)显著低于对照组(25 %),差异有显著意义(P0.05).结论:2剂达利珠单抗加上MMF, CsA,MPD,Pred联合应用的免疫抑制方案对预防同种异体肾移植接受者的急性排斥反应的发生是安全有效的.“,”AIM: To investigate clinical application of daclizumab for prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients. METHODS: This was a non-randomized and retrospective study. A total of twenty-eight renal transplant recipients(M 24,F 4; age 32 a±s 5 a) were studied and followed. A simultaneous cohort of eighty renal transplant recipients(M 68,F 12; age 34 a±11 a) served as control group. All of patients were addition of baseline regimen of mycophenolate mofetil(MMF), ciclosporin(CsA), methylprednisolone(MPD), and prednisone(Pred). The treatment of daclizumab was based on baseline regimen. The first dosage of daclizumab, 1 mg*kg-1 was administered by intraverous infusion over 15 min within 24 h prior to operation. The second same dosage was administered in the d 14 after operation. The rate of acute rejection, adverse reactions, rninfection episode, and patient and graft survival were observed. All of patients received a follow-up of 12 mo at least. RESULTS: Acute rejection during the first 3 mo was significantly lower for daclizumb treated patients(4%) compared with control group(25%)(P0.05), with graft survival of 89% and 94% for daclizumab and control group, respectively(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The treatment consisting of daclizumab, MMF, CsA, MPD and Pred was effective in the prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients.