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目的:探讨肌红蛋白第2外显子的单核苷酸多态(A79G)与有氧耐力训练效果的关联性。方法:对中国北方新征入伍的104名汉族士兵进行每次5000米、每周3次、训练强度为95～105%通气无氧阈(VT)、为期20周的耐力训练。递增负荷运动实验测定受试对象训练前后最大摄氧量(VO2max)和通气无氧阈(VT),PCR-RFLP法测定基因多态性,分析基因多态性与训练效果之间的关联性。结果:3种基因型的分布频率分别为AA(0.52)、AG(0.45)、GG(0.03),分布频率符合Hardy-weinberg遗传平衡定律;训练后3种基因型VO2max的组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05);训练后GG组和AG组VT显著提高(P<0.05),AA组达到VT时仅HR显著升高,其余指标均无显著变化(P>0.05)。在VO2max和VT的变化率(Δ%)方面,GG组受试者提高最多,AG组居中,AA组提高最少。提示肌红蛋白基因第2外显子的单核苷酸多态(A79G)与有氧耐力训练效果有一定关联,79G等位基因携带者对有氧耐力训练可能更敏感。
Objective: To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphism (A79G) of myoglobin exon 2 and aerobic endurance training. Methods: A total of 104 Chinese Han soldiers enlisted in northern China were enrolled each time for 5,000 meters three times a week. The intensity of training was 95 ~ 105% ventilated anaerobic threshold (VT), and the 20-week endurance training. Incremental load exercise test was used to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VT) before and after training. The gene polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP and the association between gene polymorphism and training effect was analyzed. Results: The distribution frequencies of the three genotypes were AA (0.52), AG (0.45) and GG (0.03), respectively. The frequency of distribution accorded with Hardy-weinberg law of genetic balance. There was no significant difference between the three genotypes of VO2max after training (P <0.05). After training, VT in GG group and AG group were significantly increased (P <0.05). HR in AA group was significantly higher than that in AG group (P> 0.05). In the rate of change of VO2max and VT (Δ%), the subjects in the GG group increased most, the AG group in the middle and the AA group the least. It is suggested that single nucleotide polymorphism (A79G) of exon 2 of myoglobin gene is correlated with aerobic endurance training, and carriers of 79G allele may be more sensitive to aerobic endurance training.