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自噬是一种十分保守且普遍存在真核细胞内的通过溶酶体降解受损蛋白质、受损细胞器或病原微生物的过程.随着对自噬的深入研究,研究者发现自噬也存在于寄生性原虫中并在其生长、发育、繁殖及感染过程中发挥重要作用.多数寄生性原虫有复杂生活史,且在不同宿主内生长代谢过程不同,因此,自噬在不同寄生性原虫不同发育阶段起不同作用.此外,原虫感染过程中,宿主细胞自噬对寄生虫的存活或死亡起不同作用.目前,自噬对寄生性原虫的具体作用机制所知甚少,系统研究自噬在寄生性原虫生存繁殖中的作用并由此寻找开发抗寄生性原虫药物的作用靶点具有重要意义.本文综述了近年有关自噬与寄生性原虫关系的研究,总结自噬在不同寄生性原虫中的作用,并阐述了自噬与寄生性原虫相互关系的意义及潜在应用价值.“,”Autophagy is a highly conserved process that commonly found in eukaryotic cells ,with which damaged proteins , damaged organelles or pathogenic microorganisms are degraded by lysosomes. With the in-depth study on autophagy , autophagy was found to exist in parasitic protozoa and has a significant role in their growth and reproduction in the infection process. Since most of parasitic protozoa have a complex life cycle as well as a different growth and metabolism pattern in different hosts ,autophagy has different roles in different development stages of parasitic protozoa. Additionally ,in the infection process , the process of autophagy in host cells plays a different role on survival and death of protozoa. Nevertheless ,currently the mechanism about the specific role of autophagy in parasitic protozoa is still poorly understood , further study on the role of autophagy in parasitic protozoa still has vital significance for the development of anti-parasitic protozoan drug targets. Therefore ,this paper reviews the recent studies on the autophagy in parasitic protozoa ,and the role of autophagy in different stage parasitic protozoa development as well as its value of potential applications.