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通过对人参农家类型子代11个主要经济性状的比较试验,发现类型间有7个性状的差异达到显著水平,特别是单产、单根重、根粗等性状的差异达极显著水平。同时,利用5个主要产量性状进行了遗传分析,表明人参不同农家类型的产量和产量构成因素有较高的遗传力;单根重、根粗、茎粗与单产呈极显著正相关关系,各产量因素与产量均有较大的选择改良潜力;单根重+根粗+茎粗构成的选择指数方程,遗传进度最快,是对人参成龄植株选择的理想方案。通过选择指数方程对人参各农家类型进行了多性状综合评价,结果二马牙的选择指数最高,大马牙次之,圆芦居间,长脖类型最小。
Through the comparative experiments on 11 major economic traits of the ginseng peasant type progeny, it was found that the difference of 7 traits among the types reached significant level, especially the difference of traits per plant, single root weight and root diameter reached extremely significant level. At the same time, five major yield traits were used for genetic analysis, which showed that the yield and yield components of different ginseng cultivars had higher hereditary power. There was a significant positive correlation between single root weight, root diameter, stem diameter and yield per plant Yield factors and yield have greater potential for selection and improvement; the selection index equation consisting of single root + root + stem diameter has the fastest genetic progress and is the ideal choice for the aged plant of ginseng. By selecting the exponential equation, the multi-trait comprehensive evaluation was conducted on each farmer’s type of ginseng. The results showed that the highest index of selection of the second horse teeth was the second highest horse teeth, the second largest horse teeth and the second long rib neck.