将对儿童各个方面的研究统一在儿童学系的旗帜之下,既是儿童研究发展的时代必然,也能有效提升儿童整体的福利,并促进相关学科的完善。儿童学以儿童为唯一的研究对象,以实验法为最重要的研究方法,曾在19世纪末20世纪初流行于欧美各国。但由于各学科之间的内部矛盾、方法论建设上的欠缺以及对科学的过度迷信,儿童学逐渐退出了历史舞台。后世学者若欲重建儿童学,吸取这些早期的经验与教训必有裨益。 To unify the study of children in various fields under the banner of the Department of Pediatrics is not only an inevitable age for the research and development of children, but also an effective promotion of the overall welfare of children and the improvement of related disciplines. Children learn children as the only research object, with experimental method as the most important research method, was popular in Europe and the United States in the late 19th century early 20th century. However, due to the internal contradictions among various disciplines, the lack of methodological construction and excessive superstition of science, children’s learning gradually withdrawn from the stage of history. If future generations of scholars want to rebuild their children’s learning, to learn from these early experiences and lessons will be helpful.