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目的掌握大学新生有自杀意念者心理健康状况及影响因素,并提出预防对策。方法采用大学生人格问卷(UPI)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对河南科技学院2009级3 850名新生进行问卷调查,筛查有自杀意念学生162人,采用回归分析法分析自杀意念与心理健康因素的关系。结果自杀意念检出率为4.21%,存在生源(χ2=12.36,P=0.000)、学科(χ2=18.4,P=0.002)差异,无性别差异(χ2=0.299,P=0.583);UPI、SCL-90量表中,有自杀意念者总分、因子均分高于无自杀意念者(P<0.01);回归分析显示,对自杀意念有影响的因素按OR值大小排列依次是:抑郁(17.238)、其他(2.453)、敌对(1.713)、偏执(1.647)、性别(0.676)、人际敏感(0.449)、强迫(0.412)。结论有自杀意念的新生心理健康水平较低,心境低落、睡眠障碍、饮食异常、敌对、偏执是自杀高风险因素,重点关注对口生、农科类学生,加强心理健康教育,构建心理危机干预体系。
Objective To grasp the mental health of college freshmen who have suicidal ideation and its influencing factors and to put forward preventive measures. Methods A total of 3 850 freshmen at 2009 level in Henan Institute of Science and Technology were surveyed by using the Personality Questionnaire (UPI) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). There were 162 students who were suicidal and ideological, and the suicide ideation was analyzed by regression analysis Relationship between mental health factors. Results The detection rate of suicidal ideation was 4.21%. There were no differences in sex (χ2 = 12.36, P = 0.0002), sex difference (χ2 = 0.299, P = -90 scale, the suicide ideation scores were higher than those without suicide ideation (P <0.01). The regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the suicidal ideation ranked as follows according to the OR value: depression (17.238 ), Other (2.453), hostile (1.713), paranoid (1.647), sex (0.676), interpersonal sensitivity (0.449), forced (0.412). Conclusions There is a low level of mental health in neonates with suicidal ideation, low mood, sleep disorders, abnormal diet, hostility and paranoia are the high risk factors of suicide, with a focus on students of oral hygiene and agricultural sciences, strengthening mental health education and building psychological crisis intervention system .