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秦汉户籍中身份等级最高的是皇族成员的宗室属籍。无论是居于京师的皇族,还是散居各郡国的宗室成员的户籍都归宗正掌管,各地要按时上报宗室户籍,是为上计制度的重要内容。并非所有皇族及后裔都具有宗室属籍,谋反者及其家属、毋节行者、五服之外者不具备宗室属籍。不仅有皇族血统者有宗室属籍,与皇室有姻亲关系者也可有宗室属籍,或称之“准宗室属籍”。宗室也不单纯是个自然的血缘或姻缘概念,还可以是人为刻意制造而成,即宣布没有皇族血统的人为宗室。秦汉宗室有属籍者数量相对有限,没像宋明那样出现宗室泛滥为患的局面,因而被后世称道。
The highest status of Qin and Han dynasties is the royal family’s clan membership. Whether it is the royal family living in the capital, or the diaspora members of the diaspora are ruled by the Zongzheng are in charge, all localities should be reported to the imperial clan residence, is an important element of the last resort. Not all royalty and descendants have clans and their dependents, conspirators and their families, fellow travelers, and those who do not have five offs. Not only the royal descent who have clan belong, and the royal family have affinities may also have clan genus, or “the prospective clan genus.” The clan room is not merely a natural concept of blood or marriage, but also can be made deliberately by man, that is, people who declare that there is no royal ancestry are clansmen. There is a relatively limited number of natural clansmen in the Qin and Han clan chambers, which is not commensurate with the proliferation of clans in the Song dynasty. Therefore, it has been praised by generations to come.