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本研究对国内9份和国外15份甜高粱自交系品种的45个农艺性状和品质性状在新疆干旱区的表现进行遗传参数分析。目的是了解甜高粱种质资源在新疆干旱区的表现,为新疆干旱区甜高粱品种选育提供参考依据。遗传多样性分析表明,主要农艺、产量及品质性状的遗传多样性指数平均为1.831 9,明显高于分级性状的0.779 6。其中,茎秆产量的遗传多样性指数达到1.817 2,茎秆可溶性总糖含量遗传多样性指数为1.946 9。变异系数分析表明,各性状的遗传变异潜力较大。其中,叶鞘可溶性总糖含量变异系数最大为50.3%,播种-出苗期变异系数最小为5.7%,总体平均为23.9%。遗传参数分析表明,农艺性状平均广义遗传率为0.74;产量性状平均广义遗传率为0.92;各品质性状平均广义遗传率为0.93,其中茎秆可溶性总糖的广义遗传率达到0.99。进一步分析发现茎秆产量和茎秆可溶性总糖含量的相对遗传进度分别为81.1%和84.9%,可获得遗传增量分别是122.3和212.3g/kg,说明该甜高粱群体的茎秆产量和茎秆可溶性总糖含量均有着巨大的改良潜力。
In this study, the genetic parameters of 45 agronomic traits and quality traits of 9 sweet sorghum inbred lines in China and 15 in the arid region of Xinjiang were analyzed. The purpose is to understand the performance of sweet sorghum germplasm resources in arid areas of Xinjiang, and provide references for the breeding of sweet sorghum varieties in arid areas of Xinjiang. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the average genetic diversity index of major agronomic, yield and quality traits was 1.831 9, which was significantly higher than 0.779 6 of grading traits. Among them, the genetic diversity index of culm yield reached 1.817 2, and the genetic diversity index of total soluble sugar content of culm was 1.946 9. The analysis of variation coefficient showed that the genetic variation potential of each trait was larger. Among them, the maximum coefficient of variation of total soluble sugar content of leaf sheath was 50.3%, the minimum of variation coefficient of sowing-emergence seedling was 5.7% and the average was 23.9%. Genetic analysis showed that the average genetic rate of agronomic traits was 0.74. The average genetic rate of yield traits was 0.92. The average genetic rate of each quality trait was 0.93, and the generalized heritability of total soluble sugars reached 0.99. Further analysis showed that the relative genetic progress of stalk yield and total soluble sugar content in stalks were 81.1% and 84.9%, respectively. The available genetic increment was 122.3 and 212.3g / kg respectively, indicating that the stalk yield and stem of the sweet sorghum population Stalk soluble total sugar content has great potential for improvement.