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针对煤矿沉积岩系地应力测试需要,通过单轴压缩声发射实验,分析顶板含层理沉积岩系岩石试件的破坏特征、声发射特征,研究Kaiser效应点的综合判断方法及基于声发射Kaiser效应的地应力计算方法。研究表明:(1)单轴荷载作用下,无层理岩石试件破坏过程为:加载→完全破坏,表现出脆性破坏特征;含层理构造的岩石试件的破坏过程为:加载→局部滑移剪切破坏→加载→剪切带失稳、岩石试件破坏。(2)无层理岩石试件的AE总计数随时间的增长趋势表现为“缓慢增长→急剧飙升”型,而含层理岩石则呈现出“台阶状”上升趋势,分析认为产生这种不同规律的根源在于岩石内部损伤破坏过程的差异性。(3)通过研究AE特征提出Kaiser效应点综合判断方法,并完善Kaiser效应法地应力计算方法,最终得到测点地应力为:1σ=25.06 MPa,2σ=13.75 MPa,3σ=8.07MPa,验证表明:计算结果在大小及方向上均具有一定的可信度。故提出的Kaiser效应点判断方法和地应力计算方法可用于Kaiser效应法地应力测试,该实验研究方法和结果可为工程实践或类似研究提供借鉴和参考。
According to the need of geostress test of sedimentary rock series in coal mine, the uniaxial compression acoustic emission experiment is used to analyze the damage characteristics and acoustic emission characteristics of the rock specimen with stratified sedimentary rock series. The comprehensive judgment method of Kaiser effect point and the Kaiser effect Ground stress calculation method. The results show that: (1) Under the uniaxial load, the failure process of non-stratified rock specimens is as follows: loading → complete destruction, showing the characteristics of brittle failure; the failure process of rock specimens with bedding structure is: loading → local sliding Cut shear failure → loading → shear band instability, rock specimen damage. (2) The trend of AE total count of non-stratified rock samples shows the trend of “slow growth → rapid soaring” with the increase of time, while that of stratified rocks shows a “step-like” trend. According to the analysis, The root cause of this different law lies in the difference of the damage and destruction process inside the rock. (3) According to the study of AE characteristics, the method of Kaiser effect point synthesis judgment is put forward, and the calculation method of Kaiser effect method of ground stress is improved. The ultimate stress of measuring point is 1σ = 25.06 MPa, 2σ = 13.75 MPa, 3σ = 8.07MPa, : The result of the calculation has certain credibility in both size and direction. Therefore, the Kaiser effect point judgment method and the in-situ stress calculation method proposed can be used in the Kaiser effect method of geostress testing. The experimental research methods and results can provide reference and reference for engineering practice or the like.