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Structure modification of carboxymethylation and ferulic acid in pachymaran of PORIA were carried out. Antioxidation activities in vitro and vivo of carboxymethyl pachymaran and pachymaranferulate were detected. Within the effective cocnentration range,carboxymethyl pachymaran and pachymaranferulate still had certain reducing capacity and antioxidant capacity. Their reducing capacity and scavenging activity showed significant dose-effect relationship with sample concentration. And when the concentration reached a certain level,both reducing capacity and scavenging activity became stable. Antioxidant capacity of pachymaranferulate was slightly stronger than that of carboxymethyl pachymaran,but was weaker than ascorbic acid. Besides,scavenging actions of carboxymethyl pachymaran and pachymaranferulate to ·O-2were weaker than ·OH.