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乳腺癌作为女性常见恶性肿瘤之一，近年来，在国内外发病率逐年上升，且越发年轻化。在乳腺癌患者中，一部分表现出家族聚集性、发病早，且累及家系中多个成员。乳腺癌易患基因1、2（BRCA1、2）是乳腺癌遗传性易患基因。有研究证实，BRCA1、2基因参与乳腺癌的发生、发展过程，并在其中扮演重要角色。该文对国内外乳腺癌BRCA基因突变研究现状进行总结，并就 BRCA基因突变在乳腺癌防治和预后方面的研究进展予以综述。“,”Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in women ,recently,the incidence has been rising year by year both in the domestic and overseas,and the patients are becoming younger.Part of the breast cancer patients showed familial aggregation,early onset,and the involvement of multiple family mem-bers.BRCA1,2 gene are breast cancer susceptibility genes.A number of studies through empirical research confirms that BRCA1,2 genes are involved in occurrence and development of breast cancer, playing an important role.Here is to make a review of the research status of breast cancer BRCA gene mutation,and its application in prevention,treatment and the prognosis of breast cancer.