果树和浆果植物栽植后头几年的营养条件如何,在很大程度上决定着它们的生长发育、结果始期和产量水平。因此,果树栽植前增施肥料和进行深层施肥是果树栽培技术的关键环节。腐殖质、腐熟厩肥、堆肥、泥炭等对果树根系的成活和生长有良好的影响。在有机肥缺乏的情况下,要提高土壤有机质的含量,必须种植绿肥作物。应在早春播种以便获得较高的鲜草产量。耕翻前,在绿肥作物大量开花时将其刈割、粉粹,同时将磷钾肥施入25～30厘米的土层中。在栽植前直接 The nutritional conditions of fruit trees and berry plants in the first few years after planting have to a large extent determined their growth and development, the initial period and the level of output. Therefore, the application of fertilizers before fruit tree planting and deep fertilization is the key part of the fruit tree cultivation technology. Humus, maturity manure, compost, peat and other fruit tree root survival and growth have a good effect. In the absence of organic manure, to increase the content of soil organic matter, green manure crops must be planted. It should be planted in early spring in order to obtain a higher yield of fresh grass. Before tillage, mowing the green manure crops in large quantities when flowering, large quantities of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at the same time into the soil of 25 to 30 cm. Directly before planting