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目的了解生活饮用水管道分质供水水处理与水质的相关性。方法对广州、深圳、珠海、东莞4个城市的168个管道分质供水的水处理工艺、消毒类型、供水和管网系统的基本状况进行调查,检测分析直饮水系统进出水的水质状况。结果分质供水直饮水88.10%的水样浊度、耗氧量、细菌总数达到纯净水标准的要求,反渗透工艺对电导率处理效果较好,钠滤工艺对耗氧量处理效果好,超滤工艺对浑浊度的处理效果显著;紫外线和臭氧联合消毒组细菌总数合格率(97.62%)高于单独用紫外线(97.22%)或臭氧(93.75%)消毒;不同供水管材水质中耗氧量和细菌总数差异无统计学意义。结论水处理工艺首选纳滤,消毒装置选用紫外线与臭氧联合消毒装置最佳,管道材质室内使用选择PP-R管,室外使用则选择不锈钢管。
Objective To understand the relationship between water quality and quality of drinking water supply pipelines. Methods The water quality of 168 pipelines in four cities of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Dongguan were surveyed, the types of disinfection, the water supply and the basic conditions of water supply and pipe network system were investigated. The quality of water entering and leaving the drinking water system was detected and analyzed. Results 88.10% water quality turbidity, oxygen consumption and total bacterial count of pure drinking water were higher than those of the pure water standard. The reverse osmosis process had a better effect on the conductivity and the sodium filtering process had a good effect on the oxygen consumption. The filtration process had a significant effect on the turbidity treatment. The qualified rate of bacteria in combined UV and ozone disinfection group (97.62%) was higher than that of UV alone (97.22%) or ozone (93.75%). The water consumption of different water supply pipes and The total number of bacteria was no significant difference. Conclusions Nanofiltration is the first choice for water treatment process. UV disinfection device is the best choice for disinfection device. PP-R tube is selected for indoor use of pipe material and stainless steel tube for outdoor use.