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目的:探讨炮制对麻黄发汗、平喘效果的影响。方法:将24只雄性大鼠及24只雄性豚鼠随机分为生理盐水组、生品麻黄组、蜜炙麻黄组和清炒麻黄组四组,各6只。经大鼠足跖汗液着色法和豚鼠喷雾致喘法测定不同麻黄炮制品的发汗及平喘作用差异。结果:生理盐水组大鼠平均发汗点数为四组最低[(55.48±12.15)个],麻黄生品组大鼠平均发汗点数则为四组最高[(92.51±14.22)个],差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);清炒麻黄组[(87.26±9.15)个]平均发汗点数略高于蜜炙麻黄组[(84.92±11.63)个],但组间对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。生理盐水组大鼠平喘潜伏期为四组最低[(32.44±7.26)s],蜜炙麻黄组大鼠平喘潜伏期则为四组最高[(66.81±5.81)s],差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);清炒麻黄组[(41.63±7.95)s]平喘潜伏期略低于麻黄生品组[(45.92±4.38)s],但组间对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:蜜炙后的麻黄平喘效果提升,但发汗作用降低,临床可通过辨证用药的方式选择合理的药材处理方法,以提高治疗有效性和安全性。
Objective: To investigate the effect of processing on ephedra sweating and antiasthmatic effect. Methods: Twenty-four male rats and 24 male guinea pigs were randomly divided into four groups: normal saline group, raw ephedra group, honey Zhizhu Mahuang group and Qingma Mahuang group. The differences of the sweating and antiasthmatic effects of different ephedra artemisia preparations were determined by the rat paw sweat stain method and the guinea pig spray induced asthma method. Results: The average number of sweat points in rats in the saline group was the lowest (55.48 ± 12.15) in the four groups, while the average number of sweat spots in the ephedra group was the highest in the four groups (92.51 ± 14.22). The differences were statistically significant (87.26 ± 9.15)] in sweating ephedra group was slightly higher than that in honey soleil ephedra group [(84.92 ± 11.63)], but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The mean latency to asthma in the saline group was the lowest in the four groups [(32.44 ± 7.26) s], and the latency to asthma in the MZR group was the highest (66.81 ± 5.81) s [(66.81 ± 5.81) s], with significant differences (P <0.05). The incubation period of [(41.63 ± 7.95) s] in ephedra-ephedra group was slightly lower than that in Ephedra group [(45.92 ± 4.38) s), but there was no significant difference between the two groups . Conclusion: The effect of Mazhuang ephedra after anti-asthma is improved, but the effect of sweating is reduced. The clinical treatment of dialectical drug can choose reasonable medicine treatment to improve the effectiveness and safety of treatment.