在三教融会的背景下,慈湖的学说与道家思想有紧密关系。他从心学角度出发,以本体论、工夫论和境界论为切入点,对老子、庄子、杨朱、列子的思想进行品评,在批判的同时,也汲取了对方思想中的合理成分,使得其学说表现出更强的包容性。在他那里,践履的笃实与境界的高超可以并行不悖,二者是统一的关系。无论訾议还是借鉴,慈湖都表现出很强的主体精神,他将自己对心体的默会与“不起意”的修养思想贯穿其中,既体现了学术自信和理论勇气,也坚持了自身思想的一致性。他对道家的批判立场鲜明,特点突出,对后世有一定影响。 In the context of the integration of the three religions, Cihu’s doctrine and Taoism are closely related. From the perspective of psychology, he started from the perspective of ontology, time theory and realm theory, criticizing the ideas of Lao Tzu, Zhuang Zi, Yang Zhu and Lie Zi. While criticizing, he also learned the rational components of each other’s thoughts so that Its doctrine shows more inclusiveness. In him, the truthfulness of practice can be in line with the superb state, and the two are united. Regardless of the arguments or reference, Cihu shows a strong subjective spirit. Throughout his life, he embodies his own tacit understanding of the mind and the cultivation thought of “disagreement.” He embodies both academic self-confidence and theoretical courage, The consistency of their own ideas. His critical standpoint on Taoism is outstanding, its features are outstanding, and his influence on later generations.