舒尔茨系美国芝加哥大学经济系教授,致力于研究低收入国家的农业问题。1979年获诺贝尔经济学奖时,作了题为《贫穷经济学》的演说。其主要观点是: 一、人口素质的提高是决定性因素。改善穷人福利的过程中,提高生产的决定性因素并非空间、能源和耕地,而是人口素质的提高,贫穷的关键因素不是土地而是人。投资于提高人的素质,能够显著地改善贫困人的经济前景和福利,靠知识进步我们确能增加资源。 二、人口素质的提高是教育的结果。教育的一个显著特点是它的一种随着时间而增长的“陈酒效应”。把教育支出 Schultz is a professor of economics at the University of Chicago, devoted to studying agriculture in low-income countries. In 1979 won the Nobel Prize for Economics, made a speech entitled “Economics of poverty” speech. The main points are: First, the improvement of population quality is the decisive factor. In improving the well-being of the poor, the decisive factor in boosting production is not space, energy and cultivated land. Rather, it is the improvement of the quality of the population. The key factor of poverty is not land but people. Investing in improving people’s quality can significantly improve the economic prospects and welfare of the poor and by virtue of our progress in knowledge we can indeed increase our resources. Second, the improvement of population quality is the result of education. A notable feature of education is its “wine-aging effect” that has grown over time. Spending education