利用有限元软件PLAXIS对机场高填方地基处理工程中碎石桩处理的红黏土地基及未处理红黏土地基在上覆填筑体荷载下的变形特性进行数值模拟分析。数值计算中考虑了红黏土硬壳层的非饱和特性、红黏土地基的排水固结以及此过程中碎石桩的涂抹效应和井阻效应等,通过计算对比并结合现场实测数据,对桩长、桩径、置换率、桩身刚度等主要因素对加固效果的影响给予讨论,结果表明:增加桩长,采用小桩径、小桩距可有效加快地基固结沉降。还特别对目前工程界关心的带硬壳层红黏土地基是否适用碎石桩处理进行分析,给出了碎石桩处理带硬壳层红黏土的适用条件。 The finite element analysis software PLAXIS is used to analyze the deformation characteristics of red clay foundations treated by gravel piles and untreated red clay foundations under the overburden load. Taking into account the unsaturated characteristics of the red clay hard shell, the drainage consolidation of the red clay foundation, the smear effect and the well resistance effect of the gravel piles in the numerical calculation, the numerical results of the pile length , The influence of the main factors such as pile diameter, displacement rate and pile stiffness on the reinforcement effect are discussed. The results show that increasing the length of pile, using small diameter and small pile spacing can effectively accelerate the consolidation settlement. In addition, the application of gravel piles to the treatment of gravelly clay with hard shell is given in particular.