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基于相似理论,推得爆炸成坑相似规律,建立爆破漏斗坑因变量与自变量之间的量纲一化的方程。阐述离心机试验系统和真空室试验系统模拟岩石中爆炸成坑的试验原理,通过参数敏感性分析,揭示2种试验系统各自的特点。离心机模型试验系统中吊篮尺寸与比例埋深、模型装药量成正比;离心加速度与原型装药量、模型装药量成正比;对模型材料、外部气压环境、爆源无特殊要求;因而离心机模型试验系统模拟小当量、浅埋深的爆炸试验具有明显的优势,不能用于模拟大规模的爆炸试验。真空室模型试验方法具有可控性强、无需提供额外加速度和适用范围广的特点,模拟大规模爆炸成坑现象时具有明显的优势;但其物理模型不包括岩石在爆炸作用下的动力破碎过程,不能模拟爆炸空腔形成过程和地冲击效应。
Based on the similarity theory, the similarity rule of explosion pits is deduced, and the equation of dimensionality between the dependent variables and independent variables of the explosive funnel pit is established. The test principle of explosion in a rock by simulating the rock in a centrifuge test system and a vacuum chamber test system is expounded, and the respective characteristics of the two test systems are revealed through parameter sensitivity analysis. Centrifuge model test system, the size of the basket and the proportional depth, the model charge is proportional to; Centrifugal acceleration and the original charge, the model charge is proportional to the model material, the external pressure environment, the explosion of no special requirements; Therefore, centrifuge model test system simulation of small equivalent, shallow depth of explosion test has obvious advantages, can not be used to simulate large-scale explosion tests. The vacuum chamber model test method has the advantages of strong controllability, no need to provide additional acceleration and wide application range, and has obvious advantages in simulating the phenomenon of large-scale explosion pits. However, its physical model does not include the dynamic crushing process of rock under the action of explosion , Can not simulate the formation of the explosion cavity and the impact of the impact.