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目的 建立暗焦点的测量方法 ,检测我军飞行员暗焦点的分布特征。 方法 暗焦点检查仪由激光发射源、箱体、观察孔、视标、调节手柄等组成。测量范围 +5 .0 D～ - 5 .0 D,综合精度为± 0 .15 D,激光图像显示时间 1.0 s,间隔 5 .0 s。随机抽取 90名男性现役军事飞行员 ,年龄 2 5～ 5 3岁 ,飞行时间 5 0 0～ 6 0 0 0 h;军校近视眼学员 81名 ,正视眼 38名。被检者在暗环境适应 5 min,先测右眼 ,后测左眼 ,重复 3次取平均值。 结果 飞行员左、右眼的暗焦点平均值分别为 - 1.0 8D和 - 1.17D,标准差为 0 .75 D和 0 .74D。近视学员左右眼的暗焦点值分别为 - 3.0 4D和 - 3.0 8D。3类人群的暗焦点基本均成正态分布。飞行员随着年龄的增加暗焦点值降低 ,方差分析 P<0 .0 5。不同飞行时间各组之间未见有明显差异。 结论 暗焦点检查仪能满足暗焦点的检测需要。在国内首次获得了军事飞行员和近视学员暗焦点的均值和分布特征
Objective To establish a dark focus measurement method to detect the distribution characteristics of dark focus of our pilots. Methods Dark focus tester by the laser source, box, observation hole, depending on the standard, adjust the handle and other components. Measurement range +5. 0 D ~ - 5 .0 D, the integrated accuracy of ± 0 .15 D, laser image display time of 1.0 s, the interval of 5.0 s. A total of 90 male active military pilots were randomly selected, aged 25-53 years and flying time ranged from 600 to 600 hours. There were 81 myopia majors and 38 eyepithelia eyes. Subjects in the dark environment to adapt to 5 min, first measure the right eye, left after the test, repeated 3 times to take the average. Results The left and right eyes of pilots had - 1.08D and - 1.17D averaged respectively with standard deviations of 0.75D and 0.74D. Myopic focus left and right eyes were - 3.0 4D and - 3.0 8D. The dark focus of the three groups of people are basically normal distribution. Pilots’ dark spots decreased with age, with ANOVA P <0. There was no significant difference between groups at different flight times. Conclusion Dark focus checker can meet the detection needs of dark focus. For the first time in China, the mean and distribution characteristics of dark focus of military pilots and myopia students were obtained