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微生物在尾矿废弃地土壤发育、营养物质循环、有毒物质降解等生态恢复过程中发挥重要作用.采用Illumina Mi Seq测序的方法,分析中条山十八河尾矿废弃地不同恢复阶段(1-45年)的细菌群落结构,并结合植物群落、土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性,探讨细菌群落结构与功能变化的调控机制.结果表明,不同恢复年限的尾矿坝,土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性和植物群落结构发生梯度变化.在这一环境梯度下,不同恢复年限的细菌群落结构具有显著差异,其中优势细菌主要有变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteri)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes).细菌群落组成与环境因子和植物群落多样性显著相关.细菌优势科的相对丰度主要与重金属(Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn)含量相关,鞘脂单胞菌科(Sphingomonadaceae)的相对丰度与重金属(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn)含量极显著正相关.恢复45年、15年的土壤中细菌多样性最高,且群落组成相似,恢复1年的土壤中细菌丰度较高,而多样性最低.本研究表明,土壤理化因子、重金属含量和植物群落结构是造成土壤中细菌群落结构变化的关键因素;鞘脂单胞菌科对重金属具有一定的耐受性,因此可作为重金属污染区域生态恢复的理想菌种.
Microorganisms play an important role in the process of ecological restoration such as soil development, nutrient cycling and toxicant degradation in tailing wasteland.Using Illumina Mi Seq sequencing method, 45 years) of bacterial community structure, and combined with plant community, soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity, to explore the bacterial community structure and function of the regulatory mechanism.The results show that the tailings dam of different restoration years, soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity And plant community structure gradient changes in this environmental gradient, different restoration years of bacterial community structure has significant differences, of which the dominant bacteria are Proteobacteria, Actinobacteri, Actinobacteria Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.The bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with environmental factors and plant community diversity.The relative abundance of the bacterial dominant families was mainly related to the content of heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn) The relative abundance of Sphingomonadaceae was significantly and positively correlated with the contents of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn). After 45 years and 15 years of recovery The bacterial diversity was highest and the community composition was similar, with the highest bacterial abundance and the lowest diversity in the soil after 1 year of restoration.The results showed that soil physico-chemical factors, heavy metal content and plant community structure caused the changes of bacterial community structure in soil Key factors; Sphingomonas Department of heavy metals have a certain tolerance, it can be used as an ideal ecological recovery of heavy metal contaminated areas species.