数学归纳法是一种用于证明与自然数n有关的命题的数学证明方法。对数学归纳法逻辑基础的准确理解,是教师进行数学归纳法教学的前提。本论文通过对数学归纳法的逻辑基础在教学中的研究和对数学归纳法学习心理障碍的研究来培养学生“观察-归纳-猜想-证明”的思维模式。 Mathematical induction is a mathematical proof that proves the propositions related to the natural number n. Accurate understanding of the logical basis of mathematical induction is the prerequisite for teachers to carry out the teaching of mathematical induction. In this thesis, the author studies the logical basis of mathematical induction in teaching and the study of psychological barriers to the study of mathematical induction to develop students’ thinking mode of “observation-induction-conjecture-proof”.