引言镉是工业和环境中重要有毒金属之一。日本有许多地区受镉污染,并已观察到居民中因接触镉引起的危害。第二次世界大战后期,日本富山县神通川流域到处出现一种地方病,因患者主诉关节和骨剧痛,故名“痛痛病”。此病临床症状和病理发现表明主要病理变化是骨软化和肾小管变 Introduction Cadmium is one of the most toxic metals in industry and the environment. There are many areas in Japan that are subject to cadmium contamination and have observed the hazards of cadmium exposure among residents. In the late World War II, there was a endemic disease in Shentongchuan, Toyama Prefecture, Japan. The patient complained of the joint and bone pain, hence the name of “pain and disease.” Clinical symptoms and pathological findings showed that the main pathological changes are osteomalacia and tubulointerstitial changes